Valve
Valves are important components of a pipeline system used to control the rate and
speed of flow, as well as the pressure of various contents such as oil, gas, or some
other liquid.
Valve Pipeline Types
There are various types of valves for pipelines. Here is an outline of a few of the more
common ones:
Gate Valves
These are the most common type of valve around. They are used to start or stop the
flow of liquid. In practice, these valves are either wide open or completely shut. These
valves are great for shutoff. Gate valves come in different styles for different
purposes.
Globe Valves
These can control and regulate the flow of liquid. These are utilized in systems that
require good control over the flow. They are also excellent for shutoffs but are
normally more expensive than gate valves.
Check Valves
These work to stop any backflow in a pipeline system. Fluid passing through the line
opens up a check valve, but if the flow starts going the other way, the backward flow
closes the valve.
Butterfly Valves
These stop or start flow, and regulate it as well. These valves are compact and
lightweight, requiring less space in comparison to valves that do similar actions.
Needle Valves
These are similar in design to a globe valve, the main difference between the two
being the sharp needle that gives precise control of flow.
Pressure Relief Valves
These are used to protect a pipeline system during high-pressure events or when a
vacuum occurs. The valves release the pressure to a point that would have been
determined upon installation, so it is not just a complete release of pressure. There are
different relief valves for different purposes.
Materials:
Cast Iron Valve
Dutile Iron Valve
Cast Steel Valve
Forged Steel Valve
Bronze Valve
Brass Valve
Stainless Steel Valve
Alloy Steel Valve
Standards:
BS 5152
DS/EN 1171
API 595
BS 5150
ISO 5996
ISO 7259
JIS F 7369
JIS F 7364
JIS F 7363
MSS SP 128
API 6D
API Standard 6D, from the American Petroleum Institute, provides specifications for pipeline valves.
API 6D covers the design, manufacture, testing, and documentation for pipeline ball, check, gate, and plug valves for pressure ratings up to ASME class 2500.
The standard specifies configurations for the following types of valves:
- Gate valves
- Lubricated and non-lubricated plug valves
- Ball valves
- Check valves
- Full-opening valves
- Reduced-opening valves
- The valve ends may be flanged or welding. If fluid can become trapped in the body cavity, then valves for both gas and liquid service must have a pressure relief. Actuators may be electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic.
Ranged from different material and manufacturing processes the API 6D Valves could be divided to:
Forged Steel Valve
Forged Carbon Steel Valve as per ASTM A105N
Forged Stainless Steel A316 & A304
Cast Steel Valve
Cast Steel Valve as per API 6D/ API 600/ API 609 BS 5351 / BS 1873
Flanged end As per ANSI B 16.5 Testing as per API 598.
Body material as per carbon steel valve ASTM A216 WCB, Stainless steel ST. 316/304, ASTM materials A351-CF8M, Carbon Steel A352-LCB
For Forged Steel Valves
Range: 1/2” Class 800 & 2” to 6” Class 1500
Body Material: Forged Carbon Steel as per ASTM A105N
Forged Stainless Steel 316&304
Type of ends: Screwd,Socked Weld & Flange Ends.
Forged Steel Ball Valve: A105 & 316
Range of Size: 1/4” to 3”
Available in : 1000-2000-3000PSI
Type of End: NPT
For Cast Steel Valves
Range Of Sizes: 2” to 48”
Pressure Class: Class 150, Class 300, Class 600, Class 900, Class 1500
Body Material: ASTM A216 WCB, Stainless Steel ST. 316/304
Type Of Ends: Flanged Ends in R.F/RTJ, NPT
Materials:
Carbon Steel Valve in API 6D
WCB, WCC, LCB, LCC, A105N, LF2, Q235, 25, 45
Alloy Steel Valve:
F5, F11, F22, F51, F55, F53, 4A, 5A, WC5, WC6, WC9
Stainless Steel Valve:
CF3M, CF8, CF8M, F51, F304, F304L, F316, F316L, F317, F347, F321
Special Alloy Steel Valve:
M-35C, MONEL K400, K500, Hastelloy C276, C59800, CU5MCUC, INCONEL626,
INCOLOY825, TA 1, TA2, TA10
Grade:
API 6D Gate valve for pipeline system:
Cast Steel Gate Valve 2” – 48” 150LB – 2500LB
Pressurized Gate Valve 2” – 16” 900LB – 2500LB
Stainless Steel Gate Valve 2” – 48” 150LB – 1500LB
Forged Steel Gate Valve 1/2” – 2 1/2” 150LB – 2500LB
API 6D Valve of Glob Valve, pipeline valve:
Cast Steel Globe Valve 2” – 16” 150LB – 1500LB
Pressurized Globe Valve 2” – 8” 900LB – 2500LB
Stainless Steel Globe Valve 2” – 16” 150LB – 1500LB
Forged Steel Globe Valve 1/2” – 2 1/2” 150LB – 2500LB
API 6D Valve of Check Valve for pipelines:
Cast Steel Swing Check Valve: 2” – 48” 150LB – 2500LB
Cast Steel Lift Check Valve: 1/2” – 12” 150LB – 2500LB
Cast Steel Dual Plate Check Valve: 2” – 48” 150LB – 900LB
Pressurized Swing Check Valve: 2” – 18” 900LB – 2500LB
Pressurized Lift Check Valve: 1/2” – 10” 900LB – 2500LB
Forged Steel Check Valve: 1/2” – 2 1/2” 150LB – 2500LB
Ball Valve in API 6D:
1PC/2PC/3PC Screwed Ball Valve: 1/4” – 4” 1000WOG
Flanged Valve in API 6D:
1-PC Floating Ball Valve 1/2” – 4” 150LB – 600LB
2-PC Floating Ball Valve 1/2” – 10” 150LB – 1500LB
2-PC Trunnion Mounted Ball Valve 2” – 16” 150LB – 1500LB
3-PC Trunnion Mounted Ball Valve 2” – 48” 150LB – 2500LB
Top Entry Ball Valve 1/2” – 48” 150LB – 600LB
Metal Seated Ball Valve 1/2” – 24” 150LB – 2500LB
